ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the current situation and associated factors of computer vision syndrome (CVS) among college freshmen in Tianjin during the COVID-19 epidemic, and to provide a reference for visual comfort of college students.@*Methods@#A total of 868 college freshmen from one university in Tianjin were administered with CVS qualitative analysis questionnaire, eye health status questionnaire and eye health examination during Oct to Dec 2021. Chi square test and multivariate Logistic regression were used for data analysis.@*Results@#The detection rate of CVS among the included students was 68.5% ( n =595) and was higher in females (72.2%) than in males (61.7%). The CVS detection rate in girls, students without myopia, >30 min sleep onset, >1 h mobile phone usage, and ≤8 h sleep duration (72.2%, 70.4%, 81.1%, 72.7%, 71.2%) were significantly higher than boys, students with low grade myopia, sleep onset required ≤30 min, use mobile phone for ≤1 h, and sleep duration >8 h(61.7%, 63.3 %, 67.4%, 65.9%, 61.1%) ( χ 2=10.08, 3.94, 5.89, 4.40, 7.94, P ＜0.05). Differences in CVS detection rates varied significantly by daily electronic device usage and academic stress students ( χ 2=22.03, 21.24, P ＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that daily use of electronic devices 4-6, 7-9, ≥10 h, sleep onset required >30 min, moderate to higher academic pressure were positively associated with CVS ( OR=1.95, 2.94, 2.30, 2.39, 3.51, 4.41, P ＜0.05), boys, low grade myopia, night sleep time >8 h were negatively associated with CVS ( OR=0.65, 0.70, 0.65, P ＜0.05).@*Conclusion@#The detection rate of CVS among freshmen in a university in Tianjing is high. Attention should be paid to the CVS situation of students with e learning, and general public should also be educated to reduce the time of unnecessary electronic product use and ensure night sleep to reduce the prevalence of CVS.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the imaging characteristics of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) and their correlation with histopathological findings.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CT and MRI imaging and histopathological characteristics of five patients with hepatic EHE were retrospectively reviewed and the correlation of their imaging characteristics with pathological findings was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 92 lesions were found in the 5 patients, all presenting with multiple nodules. All the 92 lesions were located within a 2-cm zone heneath the hepatic capsule, i.e., the shortest distance from the horder of lesions to the hepatic capsule. 28 of the 92 lesions showed the "capsular retraction" sign. 36 lesions were found in three patients receiving MRI. 77.8% of the 36 lesions demonstrated the "halo" sign on a fat-suppression T2- weighted image, while 91.7% after contrast enhancement. A peripheral dark rim was found in 91.7% of the lesions on a fat-suppression T2-weighted image. In addition, 36.1% of the lesions showed slight internal or edge enhancement at the hepatohiliary phase. In the two patients receiving CT examination, 7 of 56 lesions demonstrated the "halo" sign.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Hepatic EHE may manifest as nodular lesions with predilection of peripheral subcapsular growth and nodular confluence, together with "halo" sign and " capsular retraction". The peripheral dark rim on a fat-suppression T2-weighted image and slight enhancement at the hepatobiliary phase can help to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this hepatic tumor. MRI is superior to CT imaging to denict their intra-lesional characteristics.</p>